Fertilizer granulation is the key technology of organic fertilizer processing, and the quality of granulation directly affects the quality of final fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is suitable for green plants and animals, which is the key to carbon containing chemicals in the soil layer.
According to the processing route of organic fertilizer production line, organic fertilizer contains not only harmful substances, but also a lot of favorable substances.
1. It is very important to master the particle size distribution of fertilizer for the storage and transportation of chemical fertilizer. Granular fertilizer has good performance, and powder fertilizer is not easy to store. Fertilizer granules have good transport characteristics.
2. Low water soluble fertilizers are generally made into small particles to ensure that they melt reasonably and rapidly in the soil layer and are digested and absorbed by green plants.
Organic fertilizer granule
3. Fertilizer granulation improves the production process of agriculture and animal husbandry. The fertilizer granule has the function of slow releasing fertilizer, which is convenient not to be blown away by the wind.
4. Some inorganic components can be added to the organic fertilizer production line and granulated by the fertilizer granulator according to the formula to improve the fertility of the organic fertilizer. However, powdered fertilizers and inorganic components can easily absorb water and form blocky materials. Interested in fertilizer granules machines? welcome go to https://www.fertilizermachinesale.com/fertilizer-granulation-equipment/
The invention relates to the field of
fertilizer preparation, in particular to a granular organic fertilizer and a
preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
In recent years, the input of chemical fertilizer has increased greatly. Due to the single nutrient type, long-term application of chemical fertilizer can easily lead to unbalanced nutrients in soil and food, resulting in nutrient loss, pollution of the environment, and improper application will reduce the quality of agricultural products. Long-term large-scale application of chemical fertilizers will inhibit the activities of soil microorganisms, resulting in a decline in the ability of soil self-regulation. Therefore, although chemical fertilizers contain high single nutrients and use less, long-term application of chemical fertilizers is not advisable under the increasing attention to the needs of the living environment. Therefore, the development of organic fertilizers is of great importance. Significance.
Farm wastes – Ideal materials
Farmyard manure is the accumulation of pig manure, pig, cattle, sheep and other excrement and human excrement, and the organic fertilizer is accumulated. The source of farm manure is wider and its cost is lower. The nutrient content of farm manure is more comprehensive, its fertilizer efficiency is stable and lasting. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, farm manure also contains calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron and various trace elements, as well as some substances that can stimulate root growth and all kinds of beneficial soil microorganisms. Agricultural fertilizer can improve soil structure, which is rich in humic acid. It can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, make the soil soft, improve the water and air conditions in the soil, which is conducive to the growth of root system. It can increase soil fertility and water retention performance, improve soil temperature, and promote beneficial microorganisms in the soil. The activity and reproduction of animals; the fertilizer efficiency of farm manure is long.
Hiddien weaknesses
However, most of the nutrients in
unfermented and decomposed farm manure are organic or slow-acting, which can
not be directly absorbed and utilized by crops. Only when they are decomposed
into quick-acting state can they be absorbed and utilized by crops. Therefore,
direct application of unfermented farm manure will slow down the efficiency of
farm manure. Moreover, the organic fertilizer obtained by direct fermentation has
higher moisture content and is not easy to preserve.
Technological implementation elements:
Based on the technical problems existing in
the background technology, the invention provides a granular organic fertilizer
and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a granular organic fertilizer, whose raw materials include 25-30 portions of pig manure, 10-15 portions of chicken manure, 10-15 portions of cow manure, 10-15 portions of bagasse, 20-25 portions of corn straw, 7-13 portions of corncob, 10-15 portions of pond mud, 3-5 portions of beeswax and 1-3 portions of microbial fungicide.
Preferably, microbial agents include
Lactobacillus fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida prion-producing
bacteria.
Optimally, the content of Lactobacillus fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida prion-producing yeasts in microbial agents was 1 X108-3 X108 cfu/g, 3 X107-5 X107 cfu/g and 1 X107-3 X107 cfu/g respectively.
Preferably, the pond mud is the bottom
sludge of lotus root culture pond, and the water content is controlled at
40-50%.
The invention provides a preparation method of the granular organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
S1. According to the proportion of raw
materials, microbial agents were divided into two groups: group A microbial
agents and group B microbial agents.
S2. Corn stalk powder and corncob powder
were obtained by crushing corn stalk and corncob separately. Corn stalk powder
was divided into two groups, namely group C corn stalk powder and group D corn
stalk powder.
S3. Mix all corncob meal and C group
cornstalk meal from pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, bagasse and S2
evenly, then add A group microbial agent, mix evenly, and get fermentation
substrate.
4. Put the fermentation substrates from S3
into the fermentation tank for the first stage of fermentation, add group B
microbial agents, mix evenly, and ferment in the second stage to obtain the
fermentation products.
S5. Mix the fermentation product from S4
with group D corn straw powder and pond mud evenly, raise the temperature to
60-70 C by heating, add melted beeswax, mix evenly, granulate and dry to get
granular organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the weight ratio of group A
microbial agent and group B microbial agent is 3-4:1.
Optimally, the particle sizes of corn straw
powder and corncob powder in S2 were 10-20 meshes.
Optimally, the weight ratio of group C corn
straw powder to group D corn straw powder was 0.5-0.8:1.
Optimally, the temperature of the first
stage fermentation in S4 is 36-40 C and the time is 2-4 days.
Optimally, the temperature of the second
stage fermentation in S4 is 32-36 C and the time is 8-12 days.
Preferably, the drying temperature in S5 is
50-70 C, and the moisture content is less than 2%.
Optimally, the particle size of granular
organic fertilizer in S5 is 3-5 mm.
The granular organic fertilizer provided by
the invention is fermented by pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, bagasse,
wheat straw and corncob, and is made into granular form by adding pond mud and
beeswax, which has strong fertility and durable fertility, and can effectively
improve soil, alleviate soil hardening and improve soil structure; after being
used as base fertilizer before sowing, it can be applied to Zhuang village.
Crops play an important role in strengthening seedlings and increasing yields.
By adding microbial agents, controlling the
species, quantity, fermentation temperature and time of microbial strains, the
fermentation substrates such as pig manure, cow manure and chicken manure can
be fully fermented, and the macromolecular organic substances can be converted
into small molecular substances that can be absorbed by plants with strong
fertility. Fermentation products were mixed with pond mud, wheat straw powder
and beeswax to form granular fertilizer, which was convenient for preservation
and application. Pond mud is rich in nutrients and microorganisms, and it is a
high-quality fertilizer. Beeswax plays a binding role. The prepared feed
particles are compact and not easy to loosen. Beeswax is a natural substance
secreted by bees, which can be decomposed in nature. Compared with chemical
binders, beeswax is more green and environmentally friendly.
The raw materials of the invention are all
from natural waste resources, so there are no side effects on crops,
effectively solving the problem of farming and fertilization, reducing farmer’s
planting cost and improving farmer’s income.
Specific implementation methods
Next, the technical scheme of the invention
is described in detail by means of specific embodiments.
Experiments Cases 1
The invention provides a granular organic
fertilizer, whose raw materials include 28 pig manure, 13 chicken manure, 11
cow manure, 14 bagasse, 23 corn straw, 9 corncob, 12 pond mud, 3.3 beeswax and
2.7 microbial agents by weight.
Microbial agents include Lactobacillus
fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida utilis. The contents of Lactobacillus
fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida prion-producing yeast in microbial
agents were 1.9 *108 cfu/g, 3.2 *107 cfu/g and 2.3 *107 cfu/g respectively.
The pond sludge is the bottom sludge of
lotus root aquaculture pond with water content of 43%.
Microbial agents include Lactobacillus
fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida utilis. The contents of Lactobacillus
fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida prion-producing yeast in microbial
agents were 1.4 *108 cfu/g, 4.2 *107 cfu/g and 2.8 *107 cfu/g respectively.
The pond mud is the bottom sludge of lotus
root aquaculture pond with water content of 46%.
Experiments Cases 3
The invention provides a granular organic
fertilizer, whose raw materials include 26 pieces of pig manure, 14 pieces of
chicken manure, 12 pieces of cow manure, 12 pieces of bagasse, 21 pieces of
corn straw, 10 pieces of corncob, 13 pieces of pond mud, 4.2 pieces of beeswax,
and 1.4 pieces of microbial agent by weight.
Microbial agents include Lactobacillus
fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida utilis. The contents of Lactobacillus
fermentans, Bacillus subtilis and Candida prion-producing yeast in microbial
agents were 2.6 *108 cfu/g, 4.7 *107 cfu/g and 1.3 *107 cfu/g respectively.
The pond mud is the bottom sludge of lotus
root culture pond with water content of 48%.
Experiments Cases 4
The invention provides a preparation method
of granular organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
S1. Various raw materials are weighed
according to the first embodiment. Microbial agents are divided into two
groups: group A microbial agents and group B microbial agents. The weight ratio
of group A microbial agents and group B microbial agents is 3.4:1.
S2. Corn stalk and corncob were crushed to
obtain 14-mesh corn stalk powder and 18-mesh corn cob powder respectively. Corn
stalk powder was divided into two groups: group C corn stalk powder and group D
corn stalk powder. The weight ratio of group C corn stalk powder and group D
corn stalk powder was 0.7:1.
S3. Mix all corncob meal and C group
cornstalk meal from pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, bagasse and S2
evenly, then add A group microbial agent, mix evenly, and get fermentation
substrate.
4. Put the fermentation substrate from S3
into the fermentation tank for the first stage fermentation. The temperature of
the first stage fermentation is 39 C, and the fermentation time is 2.5 days.
Add group B microbial agent, mix evenly and carry out the second stage
fermentation. The temperature of the second stage fermentation is 34 C, and the
fermentation time is 9 days. The fermentation product is obtained.
S5. Mix the fermentation product from S4
with group D corn straw powder and pond mud evenly, raise the temperature to 68
C by heating, add melted beeswax, mix evenly, and import it into the drum
granulator for granulation. Dry at 55 C until the moisture content is 1.8%. The
granular organic fertilizer with particle size of 4mm is obtained.
Experiments Cases 5
The invention provides a preparation method
of granular organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
S1. Various raw materials were weighed
according to the second embodiment. Microbial agents were divided into two
groups: group A microbial agents and group B microbial agents. The weight ratio
of group A microbial agents and group B microbial agents was 3.2:1.
S2. Corn straw and corncob were crushed to
obtain 18-objective corn straw powder and 12-objective corn cob powder
respectively. Corn straw powder was divided into two groups: group C corn straw
powder and group D corn straw powder. The weight ratio of group C corn straw
powder and group D corn straw powder was 0.6:1.
S3. Mix all corncob meal and C group
cornstalk meal from pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, bagasse and S2
evenly, then add A group microbial agent, mix evenly, and get fermentation
substrate.
4. Put the fermentation substrate from S 3
into the fermentation tank for the first stage fermentation. The temperature of
the first stage fermentation is 37 C and the fermentation time is 3.5 days. Add
group B microbial agent, mix evenly and carry out the second stage
fermentation. The second stage fermentation temperature is 35 C and the
fermentation time is 10 days. The fermentation product is obtained.
S5. Mix the fermentation product from S4
with group D corn straw powder and pond mud evenly, raise the temperature to 66
C by heating, add melted beeswax, mix evenly, and import it into the drum
granulator for granulation. Dry at 65 C until the moisture content is 1.7%. The
granular organic fertilizer with particle size of 3 mm is obtained.
Experiments Cases 6
The invention provides a preparation method
of granular organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
S1. Various raw materials are weighed
according to the third embodiment. Microbial agents are divided into two
groups: group A microbial agents and group B microbial agents. The weight ratio
of group A microbial agents and group B microbial agents is 3.7:1.
S2. Corn straw and corncob were crushed
separately to obtain 16-objective corn straw powder and 16-objective corn cob
powder. Corn straw powder was divided into two groups: group C corn straw
powder and group D corn straw powder. The weight ratio of group C corn straw
powder and group D corn straw powder was 0.8:1.
S3. Mix all corncob meal and C group
cornstalk meal from pig manure, chicken manure, cow manure, bagasse and S2
evenly, then add A group microbial agent, mix evenly, and get fermentation
substrate.
4. Put the fermentation substrate from S 3
into the fermentation tank for the first stage fermentation. The temperature of
the first stage fermentation is 38 for 3 days, add group B microbial agents,
mix evenly, and carry out the second stage fermentation. The second stage
fermentation temperature is 33 and fermentation lasts 11 days to obtain the
fermentation products.
S5. Mix the fermentation product from S4
with group D corn straw powder and pond mud evenly, raise the temperature to 64
C by heating, add melted beeswax, mix evenly, and import it into the drum granulator
for granulation. Dry at 63 C until the moisture content is 1.8%. The granular
organic fertilizer with 5 mm particle size is obtained.
As mentioned above, only the better specific
embodiments of the present invention are provided, but the scope of protection
of the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the
disclosed technology of the present invention, the protection of the present
invention shall be covered by any technician familiar with the technical field
who equally replaces or changes the technical scheme according to the present
invention and its inventive conception. It is within the scope of protection.
